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China’s technological efforts to tackle climate change have lasted for many years. It is necessary to test the effect of these efforts with quantitative method. To be exact, whether and how China’s low-carbon technology innovation responds to climate change should be tested. Based on the 2004–2015 panel data of 30 provinces in China, we use the method of ESDA analyzing the spatial correlation of China’s low-carbon innovation technology. Furthermore, we use the spatial Durbin model empirically analyzing the spatial spillover effects. The results obtained are as follows: first, supply and demand of Chinese low-carbon innovation has some deviation in the spatial distribution. The low-carbon technology innovation as the supply factor shows the characteristics of expanding from the east to the west. Innovation in eastern China has always been the most active, but innovative activities in the middle and western China are gradually decreased. However, carbon emissions have the characteristics of moving westward, implying the change of technology demand different from technology supply. Second, China’s low-carbon innovation actively responds to the trend of climate change, indicating China’s technological efforts have paid off. However, the spatial spillover effects are not significant, showing that the efforts in each region of China still work for himself. Third, environmental regulation and market pull are important factors for low-carbon technology innovation. Among them, both supporting policy and inhibitory policy have significant impact on the local low-carbon technology innovation, but no significant spatial spillover effects. It shows that environmental policies in different regions are competitive and lack of demonstration effects. Economic growth and export as market pull have higher level of effect on low-carbon technology innovation for both local and adjacent areas. Some policy implications are proposed based on these results finally. 相似文献
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George H. Nieswand Robert M. Hordon Theodore B. Shelton Budd B. Chavooshian Steven Blarr 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1990,26(6):959-966
ABSTRACT: Buffer strips are undisturbed, naturally vegetated zones around water supply reservoirs and their tributaries that are a recognized and integral aspect of watershed management. These strips can be very effective in protecting the quality of public potable water supply reservoirs by removing sediment and associated pollutants, reducing bank erosion, and displacing activities from the water's edge that represent potential sources of nonpoint source pollutant generation. As part of a comprehensive watershed management protect for the State of New Jersey, a parameter-based buffer strip model was developed for application to all watersheds above water supply intakes or reservoirs. Input requirements for the model include a combination of slope, width, and time of travel. The application of the model to a watershed in New Jersey with a recommended buffer strip width that ranges from 50 to 300 feet, depending upon a number of assumptions, results in from 6 to 13 percent of the watershed above the reservoir being occupied by the buffer. 相似文献
24.
Using structured systems analysis to design an integrated system for transport planning and environmental analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S. P. LoseeA. L. Brown 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1996,8(2):129-144
Usingstructuredsystemsanalysistodesignanintegratedsystemfortransportplanningandenvironmentalanalysis¥S.P.Losee;A.L.Brown(Facu... 相似文献
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通过对满足选点标准的5个调查点和7个空气质量质控对照点,一年四个季度每季度抽样5d以上连续自动监测环境空气质量的科研性监测方式,共获取各类有效数据约20万个,从而以定量的方式确定了重庆市主要公共集会场所,交通道路和风景旅游区的环境空气质量水平。 相似文献
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为应对城市范围内的各类突发事件对城市道路交通系统带来的不利影响。在分析路径分配(交通分流)、反向交通组织、交叉口信号控制调整、交通管制措施等应急交通组织措施的基础上,以南京“6.20”道路交通事故为例,综合运用各种应急交通组织措施对城市局部路网进行应急交通组织,并通过VISSIM交通仿真软件对采用各种应急交通组织措施前后研究区域的行程时间进行对比。结果表明:采用应急交通组织措施对研究区域的交通疏导效果显著,且处理事故的时间越长,应急交通组织措施带来的优化效果越明显。 相似文献
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In order to understand the short-term response of private car owners to changes in the price of oil, a survey was conducted in Beijing after the gasoline price in China rose in June 2008. It showed that private car drivers in Beijing reduced their trips in the one month period following the price adjustment. Certain trip characteristics and drivers' demographics significantly influenced price elasticity in the short term, including the purpose of the trip, the distance covered and the income of the car driver. 相似文献
29.
基于Kikuji Togawa所提出的常用人员疏散行动时间经验公式,使用拉丁超立方抽样法,研究房间人员密度和出口宽度的不确定性对疏散行动时间的影响。得出二者服从均匀分布和正态分布条件下,疏散行动时间的概率密度直方图和累积概率曲线。结果表明,人员密度和出口宽度的不同分布形式对疏散行动时间都有显著影响,二者服从正态分布时,计算得到的疏散行动时间范围比服从均匀分布小,且较为集中。而服从均匀分布时,计算得到的疏散行动时间在其范围内则较为均匀、分散。在小概率0~0.1区间范围内,人员密度和出口宽度服从正态分布时,计算得到的疏散行动时间累计概率值明显较均匀分布小,说明二者服从正态分布得到的疏散行动时间值偏于保守。二者均为不确定参数时,假定人员密度服从均匀分布,出口宽度服从正态分布时计算得出的疏散行动时间值偏于保守。 相似文献
30.
Anwar Battikhi Don Kirkham 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1979,15(4):1004-1015
ABSTRACT: A mathematical solution based on porous media flow is developed for solute travel time to a well as affected by a leak around the upper part of the casing. Consider a well of radius 0.2 meters (m) penetrating, fully, a semiconfined aquifer of thickness 6 m with impermeable casing length of 4.5 m, and screened casing length 1.5 m. Around the upper 1.5 m of the impermeable casing length, there is a highly permeable region (a leak). The radius of influence of the well is 10 m. The porous flow medium has a hydraulic conductivity of 10 m/day and a porosity of 0.25. Between the water table and the water level in the well, there is a steady state pumped down head difference of 0.3 m. Solute travel time from a point at the bottom of the leak to the well is 2.33 days. If the leak is sealed (grouted), the travel time is 6.24 days. Examples of six different geometries are given. Laboratory studies verify the theory. The computations should be useful in the design and protection of water wells from solutes, such as from agriculture, industry, strip mines, or sanitary landfills. 相似文献